Genealogy and family history

There are many records that can help you learn more about your ancestor's experiences, including the census, naturalization records, imigration records, and military records. Read on to find resources that can help you with your research.

How to begin your genealogy research

Start your family history research

Census records

Search and access copies of censuses

Birth, marriage and death records

Find resources for researching vital statistics records.

Immigration records

Use these general instructions on using immigration records to do genealogical research

Military history

Explore the history of Canadians at war

Citizenship and naturalization

Resources for researching citizenship and naturalization records

Research guides and other resources

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TitleGuide descriptionTopicSub-topicType of guide
Citizenship and naturalization recordsFind resources for researching citizenship and naturalization records.Genealogy and family historyCitizenship and naturalisationSubject guide
Canadian genealogy links and resourcesMany genealogical societies and other archives hold resources for Canadian family history research.Genealogy and family historyMiscellaneousIndex
Home children, 1869 to 1932Britain sent over 100,00 children to Canada through the Home Children programGenealogy and family historyImmigrationSubject guide
DeportationFind out what sources are available for researching deportees.Genealogy and family historyImmigrationSubject guide
Black CanadiansFind resources for researching the family history and genealogy of Black Canadians.Genealogy and family historyEthno-cultural groupsSubject guide
German CanadiansFind resources for researching the family history and genealogy of German Canadians.Genealogy and family historyEthno-cultural groupsSubject guide
Ukrainian CanadiansFind resources for researching the family history and genealogy of Ukrainian Canadians.Genealogy and family historyEthno-cultural groupsSubject guide
Passenger lists before 1865 – French Regime, 1608 to 1760If your ancestors arrived in Canada when it was New France, find out what sources exist and how to access them.Genealogy and family historyImmigrationSubject guide
Ethno-cultural groupsFind resources for researching people from any ethno-cultural group in Canada.Genealogy and family historyEthno-cultural groupsSubject guide
Passports Passports can be useful when researching your ancestors. Find out what sources exist and how to access them.Genealogy and family historyImmigrationSubject guide
Early census and related documents (1640 to 1945)Search and access copies of censuses taken before colonies joined Confederation.Genealogy and family historyCensusIndex
Japanese CanadiansFind resources for researching the family history and genealogy of Japanese Canadians.Genealogy and family historyEthno-cultural groupsSubject guide
Passenger lists before 1865 - British Regime, 1760 to 1865If your ancestor arrived during the British colonial regime, check out these sources to learn more about them.Genealogy and family historyImmigrationSubject guide
Immigration RecordsUse these general instructions on using immigration records to do genealogical research.Genealogy and family historyImmigrationSubject guide
Jewish CanadiansFind resources for researching the genealogy and family history of Jewish Canadians.Genealogy and family historyEthno-cultural groupsSubject guide
Irish CanadiansFind resources for researching the family history and genealogy of Irish Canadians.Genealogy and family historyEthno-cultural groupsSubject guide
Appendix to Finding Aid 300This is a list of some early local censuses for Nova Scotia, Ontario and PEI.Genealogy and family historyCensusIndex
AcadiansFind resources for researching the family history and genealogy of AcadiansGenealogy and family historyEthno-cultural groupsSubject guide
Manifest indexes, 1906-1920 They used passenger lists to create manifest indexes. Sometimes these are the only way to find an immigrant’s arrival information due to gaps in the records.Genealogy and family historyImmigrationSubject guide
DoukhoborsFind resources for researching the family history and genealogy of Doukhobors.Genealogy and family historyEthno-cultural groupsSubject guide
Chinese CanadiansFind resources for researching the family history and genealogy of Chinese Canadians.Genealogy and family historyEthno-cultural groupsSubject guide
Private companiesLimited resources relating to employment at private companies are available at LAC. Find out what we have in this guide.Genealogy and family historyEmploymentSubject guide
Land recordsExplore the many types of documents relating to land in our collection, and the different ways to use them in your research.Genealogy and family historyLandSubject guide
Public service Information on records relating to employees of the federal government is available here.Genealogy and family historyEmploymentSubject guide
Employment recordsGeneral instructions on researching a person's employment, including those who were self-employed.Genealogy and family historyEmploymentSubject guide
Pension recordsPension records can include where a person worked, what they did and where they lived later in life.Genealogy and family historyEmploymentSubject guide
ClergyResearch members of the clergy in LAC sources. Most of these sources relate to Christian clergy.Genealogy and family historyEmploymentSubject guide
PoliceSee documents about members of the Dominion Police, military police, provincial and other police forces
Genealogy and family historyEmploymentSubject guide
North West Mounted PoliceInformation about members of the North West Mounted Police (NWMP), Royal North West Mounted Police (RNWMP) and Royal Canadian Mounted Police (RCMP)Genealogy and family historyEmploymentSubject guide
Land grants to veteransVeterans of military conflicts were often granted land after they completed service. See our collection of records relating to these land grants.Genealogy and family historyLandSubject guide
Fur tradeFind resources about ancestors that participated in the fur trade.Genealogy and family historyEmploymentSubject guide
First Nations genealogyFind resources for researching the genealogy and family history of First Nations, particularly in RG10 records.Indigenous history; Genealogy and family historyGenealogy; First NationsSubject guide
Métis Nation genealogyMost of our records relate to the Red River Métis, in Manitoba, as well as Métis in Alberta and Saskatchewan. Learn more about them in this guide.Indigenous history; Genealogy and family historyGenealogy; Métis NationSubject guide
Inuit genealogyFind family history and genealogy of Inuit in records of federal initiatives like the Family Allowance program, relocations and disc numbers.Indigenous history; Genealogy and family historyGenealogy; InuitSubject guide
Acts of Divorce, 1841-1968Search this database for references to names found in Acts of Divorce.Genealogy and family historyBirths, marriages and deathsIndex
Search: Births, Marriages and Deaths recorded in CanadaFind information on family events like births, baptisms, marriages, deaths and burials.Genealogy and family historyBirths, marriages and deathsDatabase
Carleton Papers - Book of NegroesTrace the history of Black Loyalists and enslaved persons named in the Book of Negroes.Genealogy and family historyLoyalistsIndex
Carleton Papers – Loyalists and British Soldiers, 1772-1784See our list of people named in the Carleton papers. These include Loyalists, American and British officials and soldiers, and more.Genealogy and family historyLoyalistsIndex
Home Children RecordsSee this list of the names and related information of Home Children drawn from our records.Genealogy and family historyImmigrationIndex
Immigrants at Grosse Île Quarantine Station, 1832-1937Trace immigrants who passed through the Grosse Île Quarantine Station with these birth, marriage, death and other records.Genealogy and family historyImmigrationDatabase
Home Children – Boards of GuardiansSearch this database to find names of home children in these registers.Genealogy and family historyImmigrationDatabase
Marriage Bonds, 1779-1858 - Upper and Lower CanadaThis database is an index to the names on marriage bonds. A bond was needed to get married by licence.Genealogy and family historyBirths, marriages and deathsDatabase
Immigrants Sponsored by the Montreal Emigrant Society, 1832This database documents the arrival of immigrants in need of poor relief and transportation further west.Genealogy and family historyImmigrationDatabase
Immigrants to Canada, Porters and Domestics, 1899-1949This index collects the names of domestic servants and Black porters from various archival sources.Genealogy and family historyImmigrationDatabase
Loyalists in the Maritimes — Ward Chipman Muster Master's Office, 1777–1785Search this database to discover the names of Black and white Loyalists and British soldiers who settled in the Maritimes. It also includes Loyalist muster rolls and other military lists.Genealogy and family historyLoyalistsIndex
Gaspé Land Commission — names of claimants, 1819-1825The records include proceedings, reports, newspaper announcements and land grants.Genealogy and family historyLandDatabase
Naturalization Records, 1828-1850 - Upper Canada and Canada WestSearch our collection of names in naturalization records from the Late Loyalists, American immigrants who arrived in the first half of the 19th century.Genealogy and family historyCitizenship and naturalisationDatabase
Passenger Lists, 1865-1922View passenger lists from major ports of entry on both Eastern and Western Canada.Genealogy and family historyImmigrationDatabase
Passenger Lists and Border Entries, 1925-1935 - Nominal IndexesPassenger lists were the official record of immigration to Canada. Use this index to search for specific names.Genealogy and family historyImmigrationDatabase
Passenger Lists for the Port of Quebec City and Other Ports, 1865-1922View passenger lists from major ports of entry on both Eastern and Western Canada.Genealogy and family historyImmigrationDatabase
Railway Employees (Employees Provident Fund)The Employees Provident Fund was a pension fund for employees Railway Employees (Employees Provident Fund) who retired after long service due to old age or injuries on the job.Genealogy and family historyEmploymentDatabase
Naturalization lists, 1915-1951This index collects the names of newly naturalized citizens from published annual reports.Genealogy and family historyCitizenship and naturalisationDatabase
Ukrainian Immigrants, 1891-1930Search lists of Ukrainian immigrants pulled from passenger lists and publications.Genealogy and family historyEthno-cultural groupsDatabase
Western Land Grants (1870-1930)Review land grants and maps issued for Manitoba, Saskatchewan, Alberta and the railway belt of British Columbia.Genealogy and family historyLandDatabase
Citizenship registration records, Montreal Circuit Court, 1851 to 1945Locate information about immigrants who applied for citizenship in Montréal.Genealogy and family historyCitizenship and naturalisationDatabase
Immigrants before 1865Explore records of immigrants who arrived before the government began keeping official passenger lists.Genealogy and family historyImmigrationDatabase
Immigrants from China, 1885-1949Find records for Chinese immigrants who came to Canada and Newfoundland.Genealogy and family historyEthno-cultural groupsDatabase
Immigrants from the Russian Empire, 1898 to 1922 Consular records contain the names from the passport and identify files of the Russian Consular records. These include immigrants from Russia and what is now Ukraine, Finland, Latvia and Lithuania.Genealogy and family historyEthno-cultural groupsDatabase
North West Mounted Police (NWMP) - Personnel Records, 1873-1904 Search for names of individuals who served with the NWMP and Dominion Police.Genealogy and family historyEmploymentDatabase
Black Loyalist Refugees - Port Roseway AssociatesThis database contains references to Black Loyalists who joined the Port Roseway Associates during the evacuation of New York.Genealogy and family historyLoyalistsDatabase
Border Entry, Form 30, 1919-1924Form 30 was used between 1919 to 1924 record the names of immigrants to arrive by land.Genealogy and family historyImmigrationMicroform
Land Petitions of Upper Canada, 1763-1865After the abolishment of Land Boards, requests for land went through a centralized system. Those documents are available in this database.Genealogy and family historyLandDatabase
Land Boards of Upper Canada, 1765-1804Land Boards granted lands to Loyalists (and their children) who arrived after the end of the American Revolution.Genealogy and family historyLandDatabase
Border EntriesBorder entries record the names of individuals arriving in Canada by land and by sea. The types of form and information collected changed over time.Genealogy and family historyImmigrationMicroform
Ocean Arrivals, Form 30A, 1919-1924Form 30A was the equivalent to Form 30, used to recorded the names of immigrants who arrrived by sea.Genealogy and family historyImmigrationMicroform
Censuses - Street IndexesUse this index to find where a census was taken. It can help you find the exact district, sub-district, street or institution.Genealogy and family historyCensusIndex
Census 1871The 1871 census was the first national Canadian census.Genealogy and family historyCensusSubject guide
Census 1842 WestThis census from 1842 was the first taken of the new Province of Canada. Quebec and Ontario were enumerated separately.Genealogy and family historyCensusSubject guide
Census 1891Announcements for this census were shared via newspapers and church pulpits.Genealogy and family historyCensusSubject guide
Census 1881This national census was the first to include British Columbia, Manitoba, and Prince Edward Island in addition to the original four provinces at ConfederationGenealogy and family historyCensusSubject guide
Census 1842 EastThis census from 1842 was the first taken of the new Province of Canada. Quebec and Ontario were enumerated separately.Genealogy and family historyCensusSubject guide
Census 1871 (Ontario)This version of the 1871 census only lists heads of households in Ontario.Genealogy and family historyCensusSubject guide
Census 1851The results from Quebec, Ontario, New Brunswick and Nova Scotia collected together in a single census, though they were actually taken in two different years.Genealogy and family historyCensusSubject guide
Census 1861PEI was enumerated with the other Canadian provinces for the first time in this census.Genealogy and family historyCensusSubject guide
Census 1870 (Manitoba)Manitoba joined Confederation on July 15, 1870 and a census took place in the following months.Genealogy and family historyCensusSubject guide
Census of Lower Canada, 1825This census was partially nominal. It only collected the names of heads of households. Other individuals were counted rather than named.Genealogy and family historyCensusSubject guide
Census of Lower Canada, 1831This census was taken in present-day Quebec and was partially nominal.Genealogy and family historyCensusSubject guide
Census 1901The 1901 census was the first to include questions relating to citizenship and period of immigration.Genealogy and family historyCensusSubject guide
Census of the Northwest Provinces, 1906Starting in 1906, Alberta, Saskatchewan and Manitoba had two censuses: population and agriculture.Genealogy and family historyCensusSubject guide
Census of the Northwest Provinces, 1916This was the second agricultural census for the Prairie provinces.Genealogy and family historyCensusSubject guide
Census 1911This census had 13 different questionnaires with 522 questions.Genealogy and family historyCensusSubject guide
Census 1926The most recently available census is from 1926.Genealogy and family historyCensusSubject guide
Census 1921The 1921 census was the first collected by the Dominion Bureau of Statistics, the predecessor of Statistics Canada.Genealogy and family historyCensusSubject guide
Land Petitions of Lower Canada, 1764-1841This database includes the petitions and records on land distribution from New France and the province of Quebec. Some information on land records in what is now Ontario is also included.Genealogy and family historyLandDatabase
Newfoundland and Labrador: Census and EnumerationsNewfoundland didn't become part of Canada until 1949. Before then, it conducted its own censuses.Genealogy and family historyCensusSubject guide
List of Marriage Licences Issued in Upper Canada (RG 5 B9) and Lower Canada (RG 4 B28) Though these licences no longer exists, you can view a list of issued marriage licenses on this page.Genealogy and family historyBirths, marriages and deathsIndex
TeachersSince education is a provincial and territorial responsibility, LAC holds limited employment records for teachers.Genealogy and family historyEmploymentSubject guide
Census SearchSearch Canada’s census recordsGenealogy and family historyCensusDatabase
Census recordsSearch and access copies of censusesGenealogy and family historyCensusIndex
General census guideHelp for researchers to learn about different kinds of census recordsGenealogy and family historyCensusSubject guide
Pre-Confederation, 1825 to 1867Census records taken before ConfederationGenealogy and family historyCensusDatabase
Dominion of Canada, 1871 to 1931National censuses taken after ConfederationGenealogy and family historyCensusDatabase
Prairie Provinces Census, 1870-1926A closer look at the development of the prairiesGenealogy and family historyCensusDatabase
Merchant MarineFind information on this page about researching the records of people who served as crew members on merchant ships.Genealogy and family historyEmploymentSubject guide
Medical personnelFind records for researching nurses, doctors and others who worked in the medical field, such as coroners.Genealogy and family historyEmployment
Railway employeesFind records of people who worked for the Canadian National and associated railway companies.Genealogy and family historyEmployment
MiningFind resources to research people who worked in the mining industry.Genealogy and family historyEmployment
How to begin your genealogy researchLearn search strategies, sources and tips to help with your research and create your family tree.Genealogy and family historyHow to's
Birth, marriage and death recordsThis page explains what records exist for researching births, marriages and deaths in Canada and which ones Library and Archives Canada (LAC) holds.Genealogy and family historyBirths, marriages and deathsSubject guide
Parish and related birth, marriage and death recordsLibrary and Archives Canada (LAC) holds a small collection of church parish registers and other records related to births, baptisms, marriages, deaths and burials. Some are original records, and some are typed or handwritten transcripts. Others are microfilm copies of collections held in other institutions.Genealogy and family historyBirths, marriages and deathsSubject guide